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Changing the way that career and salary progression decisions are made can be highly emotive. Chris Riley, head of HR at the National Crime Squad, explains how communication and feedback helped the organization implement a competency‐based pay structure that also rewards exceptional performers.

The paper seeks to present finite element methods for modelling hard magnetic material magnetisation and degradation “in service”. It aims to describe methods of representing the hysteretic behaviour of permanent magnets, and allowing for variations in the material characteristics caused by temperature and demagnetising fields.

A permanent magnet DC motor example is used to demonstrate the complete modelling cycle. The magnetisation of the ring‐segments of the stator magnets was modelled using a transient, non‐linear, eddy‐current solver. The rings were transferred to the PMDC motor. The de‐magnetisation of the magnets “in service” was studied as a function of load, operating armature current and temperature.

The effect of hard magnetic material de‐magnetization was accurately quantified. Its dependence on the reverse‐field armature currents and operating temperature was demonstrated. The benefits of accurately representing the material characteristics in PMDC motors were clearly identified.

The model for hard magnetic materials under magnetizing and demagnetising fields can only be perfected by using measured data. The measurements are hard to perform, in particular the effect of demagnetising fields at an angle to the easy magnetization axis is very difficult to measure.

The paper enhances the understanding of the process of hard magnetic material magnetisation and demagnetisation, fully examining the mechanisms and their dependence on parameters such as magnetising and demagnetising fields and temperature. The paper demonstrates how FEA methods can help to design electrical machine by accurately representing magnetic material properties and processes.

LETTER FROM AMERICA Valspar Unit to Acquire Cargill The Valspar Corp. has announced that it has reached an agreement with the Federal Trade Commission that will allow its subsidiary, McWhorter Inc., to acquire Cargill Inc.'s Resin Products Division.

Many have heralded the new role of HR as the driver of organizational change, whether it be a restructuring, merger, acquisition or shift in corporate culture. If HR is to be successful in engaging employees through transitions and new initiatives it needs to embrace the role of change champion.

This study aims to examine the current state of the research activities of scholars in the hospitality and tourism field by analyzing the first 20 years of the new millennium.

Longitudinal analyses using 14,229 journal articles as data source were realized by adopting BibExcel, Gephi and VOSviewer network analysis software packages.

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the hospitality and tourism research based on authorship and social network analysis, with patterns of prolific authors compared over four distinct periods.

The hospitality and tourism academic society is clearly illustrated by tracing academic publication activities across 20 years in the new millennium. In addition, this study provides a guide for scholars to search for multidisciplinary collaboration opportunities. Government agencies and non-governmental organisations can also benefit from this study by identifying appropriate review panel members when making decisions about hospitality- and tourism-related proposals.

To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to use bibliometric analysis in assessing research published in leading hospitality and tourism journals across the four breakout periods in the new millennium.

The purpose of the paper is to investigate pole face heating in large, salient pole generators and establish a modelling procedure for accurate rotor pole heat loss computation using finite element analysis.

Finite element‐based simulations of the dynamic electromagnetic problem in an idealized 60 Hz, six‐pole, three‐phase generator were carried out, including coupling to three‐dimensional finite element thermal analysis.

The effect of trailing pole face heating was effectively demonstrated. Accurate estimates of the ventilation and convective cooling were shown to be particularly important.

Accurate heat transfer values could only be obtained using a very sophisticated model in a computational fluid dynamics analysis software package. The complexity of the stator end winding alone makes this a daunting challenge, without the inclusion of the rotation effects and stator cooling ducts. At this stage, it was deemed more useful to use the thermal analysis to observe trends.

Three‐dimensional effects are significant and require modelling. However, obtaining steady state behaviour using a 3D analysis is probably not viable yet. The synchronous operating conditions were obtained from a two‐dimensional analysis and used as the initial conditions for a full 3D analysis.

The paper has helped to enhance the understanding of pole face heat loss in large salient pole synchronous generators, fully examining the mechanisms causing the heating. A complete procedure to achieve this task in a realistic time frame using sophisticated finite element analysis tools has been proposed.

Grounded on approach/avoidance behaviour theory, the purpose of this paper is to develop a typology of grocery shoppers based on the concomitant perceived advantages and disadvantages of shopping online and in store for a single cohort of consumers who buy groceries in both channels.

A survey design was employed using a sample of 871 UK shoppers who had purchased groceries online and offline. The survey instrument contained items that measured the perceived advantages and disadvantages of grocery shopping online, and items relating to the perceived advantages and disadvantages of grocery shopping in traditional supermarkets. Items were selected from the extant literature and subjected to content and face validity checks. Cluster analysis was used to develop typologies of online and offline grocery shoppers. The inter-relation between the two typology sets was then examined.

The results of the research provide several insights into the characteristics, perceptions and channel patronage preferences of grocery shoppers. In particular, profiling e-grocery shoppers on the basis of their concomitant perceptions of shopping online and in store suggests that the choice of whether to shop online or in store may be driven not by the perceived advantages of one channel vs the other, but by the desire to avoid the greater disadvantages of the alternative. These perceptions differ somewhat between different consumer groups.

This study makes a noteworthy contribution to the internet and general shopping literature by providing a profile of grocery shoppers based on their concomitant and often conflicting perceived advantages and disadvantages of shopping online and their perceived advantages and disadvantages of shopping in traditional supermarkets. The use of a single cohort of consumers overcomes the bias in previous studies that employ separate cohorts of online and offline shoppers and reveal important insights into the complex perceptions and behaviours of multichannel grocery shoppers.

This paper examines the relationship between transportation quality, customer satisfaction and profitability. Specifically, this study examines the simultaneous and asynchronous effect of quality of transportation services on customer satisfaction and financial performance and then performs the same examination in relation to the effect of customer satisfaction on financial performance. The partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling is used to examine longitudinal data from 1995 to 2018 from the US airline industry. The findings suggest that low service quality in transportation has adverse effects on customer satisfaction and financial performance, while the impact of customer satisfaction on financial performance in the US Airline transportation industry is mixed. The authors found that the impact of customer satisfaction on financial performance is significant in full-service airlines but not in low-cost airlines. Surprisingly, the authors found no significant direct relationship between transportation quality and financial performance in the US airline industry.